Composition
Levofloxacin – 500 mg
Packing
Each box contain 10 Blister strips of 10 tablets
Product Description
Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinoline class of drug. It is a broad spectrum antibiotic, having levo-isomer for its predecessor ofloxacin. It produces its activity against most of the bacterial infections. It produces more activity towards gram positive bacteria and lesser towards negative bacteria. For categorizing levofloxacin from other fluoroquinolines it is called as “respiratory quinolines”.
These classes of drugs are valued for its broad spectrum of activity and better tissue penetration. It is mainly used in combination of antibacterial drugs to particular infections.
Indication
- Reduces the development of drug resistance
- Moderate to severe infections caused by susceptible infections
- Catheter-associated urinary tract infections in adults
- First line treatment for community-acquired intra-abdominal infections in combination with metronidazole
- Community acquired respiratory and urinary tract infections
Mechanism of action
Levofloxacin is a broad spectrum antibiotic. It is active against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. It produces the effect by two type of topoisomerase enzymes II i.e DNA gyrase and topoisomerase. Topoisomerase IV is necessary for separation of DNA that has been replicated prior to the bacterial cell divisions. The DNA not being replicated stops the process of bacterial division. Levofloxacin mainly produces bactericidal action; both the mechanisms involved in killing of the bacteria and also produce effect on DNA metabolism.
Pharmacology
Absorption
After oral administration it is rapidly absorbed. The maximum plasma concentration achieved in 1-2 hrs. The bioavailability is 99%. The peak plasma concentration achieved in 1hr is 6.2±1.0 mcg/mL
Distribution
Levofloxacin attains a large volume of distribution about 74 to 112L after single or multiple doses. It is widely distributed in the tissue fluids in about 3hrs. It gets widely distributed into the tissues of lungs.
Excretion
The drug is excreted in unchanged form in urine. The plasma elimination of the drug ranges from 6-8hrs with multiple doses. The total renal clearance ranges from 96- 142 mL/min. The renal clearance is from glomerular filtration.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Allergic reactions to any oral quinolones
- Patients with liver diseases
- In patients with epilepsy or seizures
- Patients with quinolone associated tendon rupture.
Precautions
- Increases the risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture in all ages.
- Causes the neuromuscular blocking activity
- Causes muscle weakness myasthenia gravis patients
- Occasionally fatal hypersensitivity and/or anaphylactic reactions
- Certain reaction also includes cardiovascular collapse, angioedema, airway obstruction, urticaria and other skin infections.
- Serious reactions due to hypersensitivity
- Hepatotoxicity
- Convulsions, toxic psychoses, increased intracranial pressure
- Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD)